The theory of plate
tectonics provides Earth scientists with an extraordinarily successful
framework for understanding earthquakes, the uplift and erosion of
mountains, volcanoes, and most other aspects of earth sciences (tectonics
refers to processes that move solid rock).
The basic premise of plate
tectonics: Earth's outer shell is divided into about a dozen cold,
thin, independent plates that constantly move relative to one
another on top of a weaker, partly molten layer. More on this later.
Let's examine how the concepts of plate tectonics developed.