- Check out the UCMP exhibit on
- The Isoetes Page, Laboratorio Fisiologia Vegetale e Micropropagazione, Universita degli Studi di Palermo, Italy -- Everything you ever would want to know about Isoetes (?).
- Plant Anatomy & Morphology, Glenville State College -- Some info on extant taxa.
- UCMP exhibit on the Carboniferous
- Pennsylvanian Research (source page)
- Coal Ball Peel Technique -- This site from the Ohio University provides you with some tips on how to do your own coal ball, in addition to the material provided in lab.
Andrews, H.N., P.G. Gensel and W.H. Forbes. 1975. A new species of Sawdonia with notes on the origin of microphylls and lateral sporangia. Botanical Gazette 136:50-62.
Banks, H.P. and F.D. Grierson. 1968. Drepanophycus spinaeformis Goppert in the Early Upper Devonian of New York state. Palaeontographica B123:113-120.
Banks, H.P., P.M. Bonamo, and J.D. Grierson. 1972. Leclercqia complexa gen. et. sp. nov., a new lycopod from the Late Middle Devonian of Eastern New York. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 14:19-40.
Banks, H.P. and P.M. Bonamo. 1979. Leclercqia complexa: Earliest ligulate lycopod (Middle Devonian). American Journal of Botany 66:474-476.
Banks, H.P. and M.R. Davis. 1969. Crenaticaulis, a new genus of Devonian plants allied to Zosterophyllum, and its bearing on the classification of early land plants. American Journal of Botany 56:436-499.
Bateman, R.M. and W.A. DiMichele. 1991. Hizemodendron, gen. nov., a pesudoherbaceous segregate of Lepidodendron (Pennsylvanian): Phylogenetic context for evolutionary changes in lycopsid growth architecture. Systematic Botany 16:195-205.
Bateman, R.M., W.A. DiMichele, and D.A. Willard. 1992. Experimental cladistic analysis of anatomically preserved arborescent lycopsids from the Carboniferous of Eruamerica: An essay on paleobotanical phylogenetics. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 79:500-559.
Beck, C.B. 1981. Archaeopteris and its role in vascular plant evolution. In: K.J. Niklas (ed.) Paleobotany, Paleoecology, and Evolution, Praeger, New York, pp. 193-227.
Brack-Hanes, S.D. 1978. On the megagametophytes of two lepidodendracean cones. Botanical Gazette 139:140-146.
Delevoryas, T. 1957. Anatomy of Sigillaria approximata. American Journal of Botany 44:654-660.
DiMichele, W.A. 1979a. Arborescent lycopods of Pennsylvanian age coals: Lepidophloios. Palaeontographica B171:57-77.
DiMichele, W.A. 1979b. Arborescent lycopods of Pennsylvanian age coals: Lepidodendron dicentricum C. Felix. Palaeontographica B171:122-136.
DiMichele, W.A. 1981. Arborescent lycopods of Pennsylvanian age coals: Lepidodendron, with description of a new species. Palaeontographica B175:85-125.
DiMichele, W.A. and T.L. Phillips. 1985. Arborescent lycopod reproduction and paleoecology in a coal-swamp environment of Late Middle Pennsylvanian age (Herrin Coal, Illinois, U.S.A.). Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 44:1-26.
Eggert, D.A. 1961. The ontogeny of Carboniferous arborescent Lycopsida. Palaeontographica B108:43-92.
Gensel, P.G. 1976. Renalia hueberi, a new plant from the Lower Devonian Gaspe. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 22:19-37.
Gensel, P.G., H.N. Andrews and W.H. Forbes. 1975. A new species of Sawdonia with notes on the origin of microphylls and lateral sporangia. Botanical Gazette 136:50-62.
Grierson, J.D. 1976. Leclercqia complexa (Lycopsida, Middle Devonian) its anatomy, and the interpretation of pyrite petrifactions. American Journal of Botany 63:1184-1202.
Hueber, F.M. 1983. A new species of Baragwanathia from the Sextant Formation (Emsian) Northern Ontario, Canada. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 86:57-79.
Kidston, R. and W.H. Lang. 1920. On Old Red Sandstone plants showing structure, from the Rhynie Chert Bed, Aberdeenshire, Part 3: Asteroxylon mackiei, Kidston and Lang. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 52:831-854.
Phillips, T.L. 1979. Reproduction of heterosporous arborescent lycopods in the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian of Euramerica. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 27:239-289.
Phillips, T.L. and W.A. DiMichele. 1992. Comparative ecology and life-history of arborescent lycopsids in Late Carboniferous swamps of Euramerica. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 76:560-588.
Retallack, G.J. 1975. The life and times of a Triassic lycopod. Alcheringa 1:3-29.
Rothwell, G.W. and D.M. Erwin. 1985. The rhizophore apex of Paurodendron: implications for homologies among the rooting organs of Lycopsida. American Journal of Botany 72:86-98.
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