[Laboratory X - Anthophytes, Glossopterids and Others]

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Aber, E.A. and J. Parkin. 1908. Studies on the evolution of the angiosperms. The relationship of the angiosperms to the Gnetales. Annals of Botany 22:489-515.

Andrews, H.N. 1945. Contributions to our knowledge of American Carboniferous floras. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 32:323-360.

Andrews, H.N., Jr. and C.J. Felix. 1952. The gametophyte of Cardiocarpus spinatus Graham. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 39:127-135.

Axelrod, D.I. 1952. A theory of angiosperm evolution. Evolution 6:29-60.

Axelrod, D.I. 1970. Mesozoic paleogeography and early angiosperm history. Botanical Review 36:277-319.

Basinger, J.F. and D.L. Dilcher. 1984. Ancient bisexual flowers. Science 224:511-513.

Batton, D.J. 1981. Stratigraphic, palaeogeographic, and evolutionary significance of Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary Normapolles pollen. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 35:125-138.

Baxter, R.W. 1959. A new cordaitean stem with paired axillary branches. American Journal of Botany 46:163-169.

Beck, C.B. 1970. The appearance of gymnospermous structure. Biological Reviews 45:379-400.

Berger, W.C. 1981. Why are there so many kinds of flowering plants? BioScience 31:572-581. (With reply by G.L. Stebbins)

Bond, W.J. 1989. The tortoise and the hare: ecology of angiosperm dominance and gymnosperm persistence. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 36:227-249.

Brenner, G.J. 1976. Middle Cretaceous floral provinces and early migrations of angiosperms. In: E.B. Beck (ed.) Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperms, Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 23-47.

Burger, D. 1990. Early Cretaceous angiosperms from Queensland, Australia. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 65:153-163.

Burger, D. 1993. Early and middle Cretaceous angiosperm pollen grains from Australia. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 78:183-234.

Cleal, C. 1989. Angiosperm phylogeny: evolution in hidden forests. Nature 339:16.

Coe, M.J., D.L. Dilcher, J.O. Farlow, D.M. Jarzen and D.A. Russell. 1987. Dinosaurs and land plants. In: E.M. Friis, W.G. Chaloner and P.R. Crane (eds.) The Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological Consequences, Cambridge University Press, pp. 225-258.

Cornet, B. 1986. The leaf venation and reproductive structures of a Late Triassic angiosperm, Sanmiguelia lewisii.. Evolutionary Theory 7:231-309.

Cornet, B. 1989a. The reproductive morphology and biology of Sanmiguelia lewisii, and its bearing on angiosperm evolution in the Late Triassic. Evolutionary Trends in Plants 3:25-51.

Cornet, B. 1989b. Late Triassic angiosperm-like pollen from the Richmond Rift Basin of Virginia, U.S.A. Palaeontographica 213B:37-87.

Cracraft, Joel. 1990. The origin of evolutionary novelties: Pattern and process at different Hierarchical levels. In: Matthew H. Nitecki (ed.) Evolutionary Innovations. University of Chicago Press, pp. 21-44.

Crane, P.R. 1985. Phylogenetic analysis of seed plants and the origin of angiosperms. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 72:716-793.

Crane, P.R. 1987. Vegetational consequences of the angiosperm diversification. In: E.M. Friis, W.G. Chaloner and P.R. Crane (eds.) The Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological Consequences, Cambridge University Press, pp. 107-144.

Crane, P.R. 1989. Paleobotanical evidence on the early radiation of non-magnoliid dicotyledons. Plant Systematics and Evolution 162:165-191.

Crane, P.R. and D.L. Dilcher. 1984. Lesqueria: an early angiosperm fruiting axis from the mid-Cretaceous. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71:384-402.

Crane, P.R. and G.R. Upchurch, Jr. 1987. Drewria potomacensis gen. et. sp. nov., an early Cretaceous member of the Gnetales from the Potomic group of Virginia. American Journal of Botany 74:1722-1736.

Crane, P.R. and S. Lidgard. 1989. Angiosperm diversification and paleolatitudinal gradients in Cretaceous floristic diversity. Science 246:675-678.

Crane, P.R., E.M. Friis and K.R. Pedersen. 1986. Angiosperm flowers from the Lower Cretaceous: fossil evidence on the early radiation of dicotyledons. Science 232:852-854.

Crane, P.R., E.M. Friis and K.R. Pedersen. 1995. The origin and early diversification of angiosperms. Nature 374:27-33.

Crepet, W.L. 1974. Investigations of North American cycadeoids: the reproductive biology of Cycadeoidea. Palaeontographica B148:144-169.

Crepet, W.L. 1984. Advanced (constant) insect pollination mechanisms: pattern of evolution and implications vis-a-vis angiosperm diversity. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71:607-630.

Crepet, W.L. and E.M. Friis. 1987. The evolution of insect pollination in angiosperms. In: E.M. Friis, W.G. Chaloner and P.R. Crane (eds.) The Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological Consequences, Cambridge University Press, pp. 181-201.

Cridland, A.A. 1963. A Glossopteris flora from the Ohio Range, Antarctica. American Journal of Botany 50:186-195.

Delevoryas, T. 1956. The shoot apex of Callistophyton poroxyloides. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 12:285-299.

Delevoryas, T. 1969. Glossopterid leaves from the Middle Jurassic of Oaxaca, Mexico. Science 165:895-896.

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Dilcher, D.L. and P.R. Crane. 1984. Archaeanthus: an early angiosperm from the Cenomanian of the Western Interior of North America. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71:351-383.

Dilcher, D.L. and W.L. Kovach. 1986. Early angiosperm reproduction: Coloda delevoryana gen. et. sp. nov., a new fructification from the Dakota Formation (Cenomanian) of Kansas. American Journal of Botany 73:1230-1237.

Donoghue, M.J. 1994. Progress and prospects in reconstructing plant phylogeny. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 81:405-418.

Donoghue, M.J. and J. A. Doyle. 1989. Phylogenetic studies of seed plants and angiopserms based on morphological characters. In: B. Fernholm, K. Bremer & H. Jornvall (Eds.). The hierarchy of life. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam.

Doyle, J.A. 1969. Cretaceous angiosperm pollen of the Atlantic coastal plain and its evolution significance. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 50:1-35.

Doyle, J.A. 1987. Pollen evolution in seed plants: a cladistic perspective. Journal of Palynology 23/24:7-18.

Doyle, J.A. and L.J. Hickey. 1976. Pollen and leaves from the mid-Cretaceous Potomac Group and their bearing on early angiosperm evolution. In: C.B. Beck (ed.) Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperms, Columbia University Press, pp. 139-206.

Doyle, J.A. and M.J. Donoghue. 1986. Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms: an experimental cladistic approach. Botanical Review 52:321-431.

Doyle, J.A. and M.J. Donoghue. 1987. The origin of angiopserms: a cladistic approach. In: E.M. Friis, W.G. Chaloner and P.R. Crane (Eds.). The origin of angiosperms and their biological consequences. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Pp. 17-49.

Doyle, J.A. and M.J. Donoghue. 1993. Phylogenies and angiosperm diversification. Paleobiology 19:141-167.

Doyle, J.A., C.L. Hotton, J.V. Ward. 1990. Early Cretaceous tetrads, zonasulculate pollen, and Winteraceae; I. Taxonomy, morphology, and ultra-structure. American Journal of Botany 77:1544-1557.

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Endress, P.K. 1987. The early evolution of the angiosperm flower. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 2:300-304.

Friedman, W.E. 1994. The evolution of embryogeny in seed plants and the developmental origin and early history of endosperm. American Journal of Botany 81:1468-1486.

Friedman, W.E. 1995. Organismal duplication, inclusive fitness theory, and altruism: Understanding the evolution of endosperm and the angiosperm reproductive syndrome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 92:3913-3917.

Friis, E.M. 1983. Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) floral structures of Juglandalean affinity containing Normapolles pollen. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 39:161-188.

Friis, E.M. and W.L. Crepet 1987. Time of appearance of floral features. In: E.M. Friis, W.G. Chaloner and P.R. Crane (eds.) The Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological Consequences, Cambridge University Press, pp. 145-179.

Gifford, E.M. and A.S. Foster. 1987. Morphology and Evolution of Vascular Plants, Third Edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York.

Gould, R.E. 1975. A preliminary report on petrified axes of Vertebraria from the Permian of Eastern Australia. In: K.S.W. Campbell (ed.) Gondwana Geology: Papers Presented at the Third Gondwana Symposium, Canberra, Australia. Australian National University Press, Canberra, pp. 109-115.

Gould, R.E. and T. Delevoryas. 1977. The biology of Glossopteris: evidence from petrified seed-bearing and pollen bearing organs. Alcheringa 1:387-399.

Grove, G.G. and G.W. Rothwell. 1980. Mitrospermum vinculum sp. nov., a cardiocarpalean ovule from the Upper Pennsylvanian of Ohio. American Journal of Botany 67:1051-1058.

Harris, T.M. 1964. The Yorkshire Jurassic flora, volume II: Caytoniales, Cycadales, and Pteridosperms. British Museum of Natural History, London.

Harris, T.M. 1969. The Yorkshire Jurassic flora, volume III: Bennettitales. British Museum of Natural History, London.

Harris, T.M. 1976. The Mesozoic gymnosperms. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 21:119-134.

Hickey, L.J. and J.A. Doyle. 1977. Early Cretaceous fossil evidence for angiosperm evolution. Botanical Review 43:538-589.

Hickey, L.J. and J.A. Wolfe. 1975. The bases of angiosperm phylogeny: vegetative morphology. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 62:538-589.

Holmes, W.B.K. 1973. On some fructifications of the Glossopteridales from the Upper Permian of New South Wales. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 98:132-141.

Hughes, N.F. and A.B. McDougall. 1987. Records of angiospermid pollen entry into the English Early Cretaceous succession. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 50, pp. 255-272.

Just, T.K. 1948. Gymnosperms and the origin of angiosperms. Botanical Gazette 110:91-101.

Killops, S.D., J.I. Raine, A.D. Woolhouse, R.J. Weston. 1995. Chemostratigraphic evidence of higher-plant evolution in the Taranaki Basin, New Zealand. Organic Geochemistry 23:429-445.

Krassilov, V. A. 1996. A new Jurassic pollen cone from Georgia and its bearing on cycad phylogeny. Palaeontographica B 283 (1-3):

Krassilov. V.A. and P.V. Shilin. 1995. New platanoid staminate heads from the Mid-Cretaceous of Kazakhstan. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 85:207-211.

Labandeira, C.C. and J.J. Sepkoski, Jr. 1993. Insect diversity in the fossil record. Science 261:310-315.

Lacey, W.S., D.E. van Dijk and K.D. Gordon-Gray. 1974. New Permian Glossopteris flora from Natal. African Journal of Science 70:131-141.

Loconte, H. and Stevenson, D. W. 1990. Cladistics of the Spermatophyta. Brittonia 42(3):197-211.

Martin, W., A. Gierl, and H. Saedler. 1989. Molecular evidence for pre-Cretaceous angiosperm origins. Nature 339:46-48.

Millay, M.A. and D.A. Eggert. 1970. Idanothekion gen. n., a synangiate pollen organ with saccate pollen from the Middle Pennsylvanian of Illinois. American Journal of Botany 57:50-61.

Millay, M.A. and D.A. Eggert. 1974. Microgametophyte development in the Paleozoic seed fern family Callistophytaceae. American Journal of Botany 61:1067-1075.

Millay, M.A. and T.N. Taylor. 1974. Morphological studies of Paleozoic saccate pollen. Palaeontographica B 147:75-99.

Millay, M.A. and T.N. Taylor. 1979. Paleozoic seed fern pollen organs. Botanical Review 45:301-375.

Muller, J. 1984. Significance of fossil pollen for angiosperm history. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71:419-433.

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Nixon, K.C., W.L. Crepet, D. Stevenson, and E,M. Friis. 1994. A reevaluation of seed plant phylogeny. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 81:484-533.

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