Chondrichthyes - Hybodontidea

Teeth of an unusual hybodontid, Besola locality. Striations visible on both sides of the enamel with one to two lateral cusps present.

Semionotiformes

Ganoid scales of Lepidotes sp. are commonly found as float throughout the Mugher Mudstone.

Dipnoi - Ceratodontidae

Dipnoan lungfish tooth plates referred to Neoceratodus africanus Haug 1905, Aleltu Quarry and Jema North. The smaller toothplate may represent a juvenile.

Assorted dermal fish scales, possibly Dipnoan, and a lungfish skull plate, Mugher Mudstone, Jema North

Chelonia

(A) Costal of a smooth, "thin-shelled" turtle (genus indet.), Besola. (B-E) Plastron fragments from Butoro; (B) peripheral or epiplastron, (C) peripheral, (D) neural, (E) plastron fragment.

Turtle shell fragments of the "thick-scaled" morphotype; (A) ziphiplastron, (B) 1st neural, (C-E) neural, (F) hyo- or hypoplastron, (G) peripheral fragment, (H) peripheral, (I-J) bridge peripheral series.

Crocodylia

Two crocodilian taxa (genus indet.) are confirmed based on scute morphology. The larger, deeply pitted scutes range from 1 - 2 cm thick.

Fragmentary limb bones from an associated crocodilian, Mugher Mudstone, Aleltu; (A) distal radius, (B) distal tibia, (C) proximal humerus, (D) distal humerus.

Both large and small crocodilian teeth are common as float. A larger, robust, conical tooth with a prominent enamel ridge is known from Jema North. . .

. . . while a smaller, striated, curved tooth is found at Jema, Aleltu, and Butoro.

Crocodylia - Mesosuchia

Fragmentary cranial bones of a large mesosuchian, possibly dyrosaurid, Jema North; (A) partial left frontal, (B) squamosal fragment, (C) splenial fragment.

Strongly amphicoelous caudal vertebrae are further evidence for the presence of mesosuchians in the Mugher Mudstone.

Dinosauria - Saurischia

Two dinosaur teeth confirm the first record of theropods from Ethiopia. Both teeth are from the Mugher Mudstone, Jema North; (A) tooth fragment, cf. Allosaurus, (B) a smaller, blade-shaped tooth.