TAXONOMIC STANDARDS:


Genus and species names for large mammals, and biochronologic occurrences from earlier papers, were updated to conform to:

Janis, C. M., K. M. Scott, and L. L. Jacobs (eds.) 1998. Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America. Cambridge University Press, New York.

If a later publication superceded the taxonomy or biochronology used in the Janis et al. volume, the more recent taxonomy or biochronology was used. Because of the continuing uncertainty in naming oreodonts, in most cases oreodont taxonomy remained that proposed by Lander (1998 in the Janis et al. volume).

Genus and species names of rodent taxa were initially updated to conform to:

Korth, W. W. 1994a. The Tertiary Record of Rodents in North America. Plenum Press, New York.

If a later publication superceded the taxonomy used in the Korth book, the more recent taxonomy was used.

The initial taxonomic standard above the species level was:

McKenna, M. C. and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press, New York.

When more recent literature provided updates, the more recent designation was used.

*Use of this resource in publications should be cited as:
Carrasco, M.A., B.P. Kraatz, E.B. Davis, and A.D. Barnosky. 2005. Miocene Mammal Mapping Project (MIOMAP). University of California Museum of Paleontology https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/miomap/